Chow Chow: The Dignified, Loyal Bear-Faced Companion

Quick snapshot

• Breed name: Chow Chow
• Origin: China (ancient working and companion breed)
• Size: Medium to large (typically 45–70 lb / 20–32 kg)
• Temperament: Independent, dignified, loyal, sometimes aloof
• Best for: Owners who appreciate a reserved, loyal dog and can provide consistent training and socialization

A short history

The Chow Chow is an ancient breed from northern China, with references and likenesses traced back thousands of years. Historically used for hunting, herding, pulling, and guarding, Chows also served as companions to nobility. Known for their dense double coat and distinctive blue-black tongue, they arrived in the West in the 18th and 19th centuries and have been prized for their unique appearance and steadfast nature.

What a Chow Chow looks like

Chows have a sturdy, compact build, a broad head, and a dense double coat that creates a lion-like ruff on many dogs. Their straight hind legs give them a stilted, deliberate gait.

• Height: usually 17–20 inches (43–51 cm) at the shoulder
• Weight: typically 45–70 lb (20–32 kg)
• Coats: rough (long) and smooth (short) varieties — both dense and weather-resistant
• Colors: red, black, blue, cream, cinnamon
• Distinctive features: broad skull, deep-set eyes, small triangular ears, and a blue-black or purple tongue

Temperament: proud, reserved, and loyal

Chow Chows are often described as cat-like in temperament — independent, clean, and reserved. They are intensely loyal to their family but usually aloof with strangers. Early socialization and firm, fair leadership are essential to prevent over-guarding or suspicious behavior.

• Independent and dignified — not typically a "velcro" dog
• Very loyal to family members and home
• Aloof or reserved with strangers; may be territorial
• Can be stubborn — consistent, calm leadership required
• Often good with older children who understand dog boundaries

Training and socialization — firm, patient, consistent

Chows respond best to experienced owners who use positive reinforcement, clear rules, and consistent boundaries. Because they can be independent or stubborn, start training early and keep sessions short, confident, and respectful.

1. Start early: socialize puppies to people, children, sounds, and other animals to build calm confidence.
2. Be consistent and firm: clear rules and predictable leadership help prevent problem behaviors.
3. Use positive reinforcement: treats, praise, and short training games are most effective.
4. Teach impulse control: sit, stay, and reliable recall are important for safety.
5. Enroll in classes: puppy classes and obedience groups provide structure and socialization.

Exercise and mental stimulation

Chow Chows have moderate exercise needs; they enjoy daily walks and mental stimulation but are not high-energy athletes.

• Daily walks and leash outings — two shorter walks or one longer walk daily
• Mental work: puzzle toys, scent games, and obedience practice
• Avoid intense exercise in hot weather because of their thick coat and tendency to overheat
• Moderate play sessions suffice; they don’t require heavy high-impact activity

Living situation: suited to calm homes

Chows can adapt to apartments or houses if their exercise and mental needs are met. They prefer calm, stable environments and benefit from a predictable routine.

• Adaptable to apartments if exercised — not ideal for very active households seeking a constant playmate
• Prefer a quieter home with consistent handling
• Can be left alone for reasonable periods if trained, but early separation training helps
• May not be ideal for homes with very young, noisy children unless well-socialized

Health and lifespan

Chow Chows are generally healthy but have specific breed-related concerns to watch for.

• Hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia
• Entropion (eye roll-in) and other eye conditions
• Hypothyroidism in some lines
• Patellar luxation and joint issues
• Heat sensitivity due to dense coat and short muzzle
• Average lifespan: about 8–12 years

Tips: choose breeders who screen hips and eyes, monitor weight and coat condition, avoid overheating, and keep regular veterinary checkups.

Grooming and daily care

• Brush several times a week — daily brushing during heavy shedding seasons to prevent mats and reduce loose hair
• Bath as needed and dry thoroughly to prevent skin issues
• Check and clean ears regularly and trim nails as needed
• Pay attention to skin folds and coat under the ruff for moisture or irritation
• Seasonal shedding: expect two heavy sheds per year with extra grooming required

Feeding and nutrition

A balanced diet appropriate for size, age, and activity level helps maintain joint health and ideal body condition.

• Puppies: feed a large-breed puppy formula to support steady growth and joint health
• Adults: high-quality adult food with controlled calories to prevent obesity
• Divide meals into two daily feedings for adults; puppies require more frequent feedings
• Discuss supplements like glucosamine with your vet if joint support is needed

Choosing a Chow Chow puppy or adult

Careful selection ensures a healthier dog and a better temperament fit for your household.

• Reputable breeder: health testing (hips, elbows, eyes), temperament-tested puppies, transparent practices
• Rescue: breed rescues sometimes have Chows needing rehoming — adults can be easier to evaluate
• Meet the parents: when possible, to assess temperament tendencies and size
• Ask about socialization: how puppies were exposed to people, children, and other dogs

Working roles and activities

Historically a working breed, modern Chows can still enjoy activities that suit their temperament.

• Guarding and watchdog duties — natural alertness and territorial nature
• Obedience and rally for mental stimulation
• Therapy or visitation work for the calm, people-friendly individuals

Responsible ownership & legal notes

Responsible ownership and early socialization reduce the risk of problematic behavior.

• Some regions have breed restrictions; check local laws
• Properly socialize and train to avoid over-guarding or suspicion of strangers
• Use secure containment and leash control in public
• Consider pet insurance to help cover breed-related health concerns

Quick FAQ

Are Chow Chows good with children?

They can be good with older, respectful children, but may not tolerate rough handling from very young kids; supervision and early socialization are important.

Do Chow Chows shed a lot?

They shed seasonally and require regular brushing; heavy shedding twice a year is common.

Are Chow Chows aggressive?

Not inherently. They are often reserved and can be protective; proper socialization and leadership make them stable companions.

Can they handle hot weather?

They are sensitive to heat because of their dense coat and should be kept cool and monitored in warm conditions.

Puppy checklist

• Sturdy crate and comfortable bedding sized for a growing dog
• High-quality large-breed puppy food
• Durable leash, collar or harness, and ID tag
• Grooming tools: slicker brush, comb, detangler, and nail trimmers
• Secure, puppy-proofed space and moderate exercise plan
• Vet plan: vaccinations, microchip, deworming schedule, and early health screens
• Training plan emphasizing socialization, impulse control, and leash manners
• Chew toys and enrichment puzzles suitable for a medium-large dog